Windows 10
Windows 10
introduces what Microsoft described as "universal apps"; expanding on
Metro-style apps, these apps can be designed to run across multiple Microsoft
product families with nearly identical code—including PCs, tablets, smartphones,
embedded systems, Xbox One, Surface Hub and Windows Holographic. The Windows
user interface was revised to handle transitions between a mouse-oriented
interface and a touchscreen-optimized interface based on available input
devices—particularly on 2-in-1 PCs; both interfaces include an updated Start
menu which incorporates elements of Windows 7's traditional Start menu with the
tiles of Windows 8. The first release of Windows 10 also introduces a virtual
desktop system, a window and desktop management feature called Task View, the Microsoft
Edge web browser, support for fingerprint and face recognition login, new
security features for enterprise environments, and DirectX 12 and WDDM 2.0 to
improve the operating system's graphics capabilities for games.
Microsoft
described Windows 10 as an "operating system as a service" that would
receive ongoing updates to its features and functionality, augmented with the
ability for enterprise environments to receive non-critical updates at a slower
pace, or use long-term support milestones that will only receive critical
updates, such as security patches, over their five-year lifespan of mainstream
support. Terry Myerson, executive vice president of Microsoft's Windows and
Devices Group, argued that the goal of this model was to reduce fragmentation
across the Windows platform, as Microsoft aimed to have Windows 10 installed on
at least one billion devices in the two to three years following its release.
Release
On June 1, 2015,
Microsoft first announced that Windows 10 would be released on July 29, 2015. Microsoft began an advertising campaign centering on Windows 10,
"Upgrade Your World", on July 20, 2015 with the premiere of
television commercials in Australia, Canada, France, Germany, Japan, the United
Kingdom, and the United States. The commercials focused on the tagline "A
more human way to do", emphasizing new features and technologies supported
by Windows 10 that sought to provide a more "personal" experience to
users. The campaign culminated with
launch events in thirteen cities on July 29, which celebrated "the
unprecedented role our biggest fans played in the development of Windows
10".
Features
Windows 10
harmonizes the user experience and functionality between different classes of
device, and addresses shortcomings in the user interface that were introduced
in Windows 8. Windows 10. Mobile, the successor to Windows Phone 8.1, shares
some user interface elements and apps with its PC counterpart.
The Windows
Runtime app ecosystem was revised into the Universal Windows Platform (UWP). These
universal apps are made to run across multiple platforms and device classes,
including smartphones, tablets, Xbox One consoles, and other compatible Windows
10 devices. Windows apps share code across platforms, have responsive designs
that adapt to the needs of the device and available inputs, can synchronize
data between Windows 10 devices (including notifications, credentials, and
allowing cross-platform multiplayer for games), and are distributed through a
unified Windows Store. Developers can allow "cross-buys", where
purchased licenses for an app apply to all of the user's compatible devices,
rather than only the one they purchased on (e.g., a user purchasing an app on
PC is also entitled to use the smartphone version at no extra cost).
On Windows 10,
Windows Store serves as a unified storefront for apps, Groove Music (formerly
Xbox Music), and Movies & TV (formerly Xbox Video). Windows 10
also allows web apps and desktop software (using either Win32 or .NET Framework)
to be packaged for distribution on the Windows Store. Desktop software
distributed through Windows Store is packaged using the App-V system to allow sandboxing.
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